Format „CASE“
Das Transkriptionsformat „CASE“ ist ein Transformationsformat für die englische Sprache mit folgenden Regeln.
Here is an overview of CASE transcription conventions:
- British English spelling
- Intonation punctuation always at the end of the last spoken word of every intonation unit
- “xxx” and “nnn” = utterance functor
- . Falling tone in the preceding element; suggesting finality
- ? Rising tone in the preceding element
- , Continuing intonation; suggesting non-finality
- – Cut-off (often with a glottal stop); including truncated intonation units
- CAPS Heavy stress or loudness, can affect syllables or whole words. The only capitalised words
- are the first person pronoun I, names, and nationalities.
- °xxx° Utterances spoken more softly than the surrounding discourse
- “xxx“ Speech set off by a shift in the speaker’s voice
- (n.x) Timed pauses (n=seconds, x=tenths of a second)
- .. Pauses of one-half second or less
- … Pause of more than a half-second
- : Prolonging of the prior sound or syllable.
- Words or phrases that are spoken more slowly than the surrounding discourse
- >xxx< Words or phrases spoken more quickly than surrounding discourse.
- A: [xxx], Beginning and end of overlapping talk (on successive lines), in between or within words
- B: [nnn],
- A: xxx= Latching between turns of different speakers (on successive lines)
- B: =nnn
- H Clearly audible breath sounds
- .h Inhalation. Longer inhalation depicted by .h: (cf. prolonging colon above)
- h Exhalation. Longer exhalation denoted by h: (cf. prolonging colon above)
- .t Alveolar suction click
- () Utterances that cannot be transcribed with certainty
- (xxx) Likely interpretation of uncertain utterances
- ((xxx)) Aspects of the utterance, such as whispers, coughing, and laughter
- ((/xxx/)) Phonemic transcriptions. Only problematic cases, e.g. “thought ((/t/ought))”?
- ((Language Code-switching. Indicate language and duration (n=seconds, x=tenths of a second),
- (n.x))) cf. timed pauses
- €€€ Normal echo, transcribed in a separate line
- [€€€] Overlapping echo, transcribed in a separate line
- {xxx} Nonverbal behaviour, such as movements and looks
- {interruption Interruption of recording and duration (n=seconds, x=tenths of a second),
- of recording cf. timed pauses
- (n.x)}
- xxx_nnn Liaison, if unusual
- number/year Spelled out
- ((LAUGHS)) Separate, loud laughter
- ((laughs)) Separate, normal laughter
- ((laughing)) Laughing while speaking, belongs directly to the word, followed by intonation punctuation
- ((thh)) Aspirated/minimum laughter
- ((chuckles)) Chuckle, softer than laughter
- ((hehe)) Short chuckling, two laugh pulses
- ((heh)) Short (monosyllabic) laughter (one laugh pulse), initially aspirated
- ((ehh)) Short (monosyllabic), exhaling laughter, initially not aspirated
- ((xxx-ing)) While speaking, cf. Laughing
- mhm Closed mouth, agreement or understanding
- m/m:/mh/m:h Closed mouth, single sound
- uh huh Open mouth
- uh/u:h Open mouth, single sound, often with hesitations
- e:r Open mouth, clear pronunciation or /r/, often with hesitations
- uhm/u:hm Open mouth that is closed at the end, also with hesitations
Ein Beispiel:
Sample Transcript CASE 09SB02SF06
SB02: good morning?
SF06: how are you,
SB02: I’m fine thank you how are you.
SF06: … m:::h I’m fine too_I .. have to study later so, I’m- … I’m NOT so okay but-,
SB02: ((laughs))
SF06: as you have to as we- we will talk now, u::h I’m just fine, cause I’m not nervous,
OR Sample Transcript CASE 09SB02SF06 Orthographic version (no speaker identification)
good mornin
how are you
I’m fine thank you how are you
m
I’m fine tooI
have to study later so
I’m
I’m NOT so okay but
as you have to as we
we will talk now
u
I’m just fine
cause I’m not nervous